The effect of exercises using the mini-trampoline device on some kinetic abilities and combined offensive skills for players in handball specialized centers

The trampoline tool is considered one of the modern and exciting means that is characterized by aesthetic character and precision through coordinated movements in kinetic performance. The spread of this tool in the modern era has great importance in most physical and kinetic abilities, which combines excitement and suspense in exercises, and many exercises similar to playing with the trampoline tool It contributes to increasing the motivation of these boys, and therefore they will make a lot of effort and with a strong will to achieve the best possible level of performance during the game. Through the observation of researchers and their field experiences in clubs and training centers, they noticed that the training units for players of age groups in most institutions lack modern training methods and therefore they lose their spirit of excitement and suspense, especially if the methods used are traditional and with the same frequency of daily exercises. Thus, the researchers prepared exercises using the mini-trampoline tool for handball players and the extent of its effect on the kinetic abilities and offensive skills combined with handball. The researchers used the experimental method by designing two equal groups (experimental and control). The same pre-and post-tests. Pre-tests were conducted on the research sample (14) in the Kufa Sports Club hall, where the exercises were carried out using a trampoline device in (24) training units for a period of two months, where the exercises were mixed with kinetic skills and abilities, and after completing the exercises used and with the same steps. Conditions: The researchers conducted post-tests for obtaining the best results. The researchers concluded that the process of combining kinetic abilities and combined offensive skills during trampoline exercises contributed significantly to the development of combined offensive skills for the experimental group. This achieves one of the sustainable development goals of the United Nations in Iraq, which is (the use of modern training methods, including the trampoline device, contributes to developing the kinetic capabilities and offensive skills of handball players aged 14-16 years).


Introduction:
The development taking place in all areas of life is an inevitable result of the efforts of specialists and researchers in these fields in order to advance them, and the sports field is one of the fields covered by development and advancement.Among the sports games that have enjoyed a share of development is handball, which is one of the team games that requires its players to have a high level of individual and group performance in order to achieve the best level of performance, especially when the players have good kinetic abilities and in order to develop kinetic abilities.It is necessary to study the appropriate kinetic capabilities of age groups that are consistent with the requirements for performing basic handball skills.Increasing training by coaches on combined skills similar to playing situations helps improve the kinetic and skill capabilities of players, as players need modern training methods that create a spirit of excitement and motivation.They have to create a competitive atmosphere among players through practicing and applying practical exercises for basic skills.The trampoline tool is considered one of the modern and exciting means that is dominated by aesthetic character and precision through coordinated movements in kinetic performance.The spread of this tool in the modern era has great importance in most physical and kinetic abilities, which mixes excitement and suspense in exercises, and the abundance of exercises similar to playing with the trampoline tool contributes It increases the motivation of these boys, and therefore they will make a lot of effort and a strong will to achieve the best possible level of performance during the game.Hence the importance of the research, through preparing exercises using the mini-trampoline device and knowing its effect on the kinetic abilities and performance of some combined offensive skills among the players of the handball specialized centers.Research problem: Through the observation of researchers and their field experiences in clubs and training centers, they noticed that the training units for players of age groups in most institutions lack modern training methods and thus lose their spirit of excitement and suspense, especially if the methods used are traditional and with the same frequency of daily exercises.Researchers may believe that exercises Traditional exercises are useless in the main work with age groups, and since working with these groups requires fun and joy and not repeating the same exercises that prevail in the training process, therefore exercises with a trampoline tool were used and combined with kinetic abilities for the purpose of developing them with the basic combined offensive skills for players of the handball specialist centers. .The research aims: Preparing exercises using the mini-trampoline device for players in handball specialist centers.Thus, identifying the effect of exercises using the mini-trampoline device to develop some kinetic abilities and combined attacking skills for players in handball specialist centers.The researchers assume that trampoline exercises have a significant effect on developing some kinetic abilities and combined attacking skills for players in handball specialist centers.Areas of research: The human field, the players of the specialized centers in the governorates of the Middle Euphrates for the 2022/2023 sports season.As for the time field: the period from 29/9/2022 until 10/1/2023 in the Kufa Sports Club hall, as for the spatial field.

Method and procedures:
The researchers used the experimental method by designing two equal groups (experimental and control) with pre-and post-tests.The research population was determined by the players of the specialized handball centers aged (14-16) years affiliated with the Iraqi Handball Federation in the governorates of the Middle Euphrates, who numbered (73) players.The research sample was selected randomly (lottery) from the subspecialized center affiliated to the governorate.Najaf, which numbered (24) players, and after excluding goalkeepers and players not committed to the training units, as well as the exploratory experiment players, the research sample consisted of ( 14) players distributed into two groups (experimental and control).For the purpose of verifying the homogeneity and equality of the two groups, the researchers did some Procedures to control extraneous variables.Which may affect the application of exercises using a trampoline, which appeared in Tables (1) and (2   As for the research tools and devices, a trampoline tool -a video camera with a speed of (180 p/s)an HP laptop computer -a manual electronic stopwatch -a height and weight measuring device -a whistle -an adhesive measuring tape for planning the field and determining the testing areas -legal handballs of different sizes -Floor rug.

Tests used in the research:
Test of compatibility between the eyes and legs and agility test (SIMO test).( 6) Balance test: measuring moving balance on the platform.( 4).
The tests used for combined offensive skills were chosen Passing and receiving test: measuring the speed of passing and receiving the ball (2).
As for the test of deception, then shootingreceiving, then shooting) the tests used were from the Handball Quartet by the author (Ismail and Hassanein) (7).

Exploratory experience:
Exploratory experiments are important to learn about the method of measuring research variables and their requirements, as well as the performance and suitability of the exercises used on the trampoline for the purpose of identifying the difficulties that the researcher may face during the main experiment.The researchers conducted exploratory experiments for two days, Friday and Saturday, corresponding to 14-15/10/2022.On a sample of ( 5) players from the main experiment.Discussion: It appears from Table (3) that there were significant differences for the control group in all variables investigated except for the balance test.The significant difference did not appear.The researchers attribute that the reason may be due to the exercises used by the trainer.Not enough exercises are given to develop the balance element that contributes to the development of balance dynamic, as well as not using assistive devices such as the trampoline to improve their balance.What significant differences did the researchers obtain?They attribute this significant difference to the nature of the exercises that were used by the trainer.This indicates that the trainer follows his own method, as the exercises had a significant effect on the tests.The dimensionality is that the approach followed by the coach is subject to scientific foundations, in addition to the coach's experience in this field, and this is what the researcher agrees with the opinion of (Abdel Wahab Ghazi Hamoudi), "The use of exercises that are consistent in the nature of their performance with the general form of performing basic offensive skills and physical kinetic abilities that leads to Better results are acquired.(3).
(Mufti Ibrahim Hammad) points out (that among the skills that serve to prepare players are the basic skills, which are appropriate in their composition to the performance level of the players and which serve two goals at the same time, kinetic and skill, and then gradually become more difficult over time) (8).We also see that the training curriculum the approach followed by the coach took into account the important kinetic abilities along with all the basic attacking skills in the specificity of the game.As for the absence of a significant difference in the ability of moving balance on the platform.
As for the discussion of the experimental group: It is clear from Table (3) that the post-test outperformed the pre-test for all the variables studied, as the calculated T value was greater than its tabulated value.This indicates that there are significant differences in all post-tests, and the researchers attribute the reason for this to the significant effect of the experimental group.In the post-test, it is due to the use of the minitrampoline device that the researchers will use in their exercises.In addition, the difference that occurred between the pre-and post-measurements of the experimental group, and in favor of the post-measurement, is due to the diversity in the exercises and the departure from traditional exercises for the purpose of increasing the suspense, excitement, and motivation of the players in order to increase Their readiness, and this means that the researchers relied on the philosophy of increasing repetition and practicing in a varied manner throughout the period of   Achievement motivation and its relationship to jump pass and jump shot in handball.SPORT TK- ).
Discussion of the significance of the differences between the two groups in the post-tests.According to the statistical results reached by the experimental group in the post-post test, compared with the results of the control group for kinetic abilities and combined offensive skills, the researchers attribute these significant differences to a preference for the experimental group in the development of basic offensive skills.The researchers attribute the reason for this development to the development of kinetic abilities.With the trampoline tool, which in turn led to the development of the basic skills of handball players, and this is what (Qasim Lazam Sabr) confirmed: "Whoever has a level of kinetic abilities will help in developing basic skills."(5), and (Ashraf and Hisham) mention that the exercises used the mini-trampoline "is one of the aids used in teaching and training most sports" (1), as it contains exercises that combine several kinetic components with combined attacking skills.In addition to developing the basic skills in the game of handball, you need precision in performing the exercises so that the training unit must have combined, qualitative and well-studied objectives, and its difficulty levels are compatible with the level of the research sample members.(Makram Saeed Al-Saadoun) pointed out the importance of kinetic abilities: "The individual's possession of a high level of kinetic abilities helps to successfully practice many sports activities.Kinetic abilities participate in developing and improving kinetic skills."(9).Researchers also believe that the reason for the difference between The two groups are due to the nature of the exercises to which the research sample was exposed during the training units, which was represented by the mini-trampoline tool that was adopted by the members of the experimental group, as the nature of the exercises was prepared by the researchers and included many things that were consistent in achieving the goal to be developed, by integrating the exercises kinetic abilities with offensive skills.This is what gives the players excitement and suspense, and thus is reflected in the development of their kinetic and skill capabilities when carrying out their training duties, which led to better results in the post-tests, and this is what (Daaelly BD,Otey ) indicated: "Using a trampoline is a new way to train fitness

Table . 1
shows the homogeneity of the research sample regarding extraneous variables

Table . 2
shows the equivalence between the two research groups (experimental and control) VariablesMeasu Control group Experimental group T value Level sig Type sig

Table . 4
shows the results of the post-tests of the control and experimental groups for kinetic abilities and combined attacking skills in handball.