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Abstract

Swimmers with disabilities are classified based on the level of their remaining abilities or the level of their functional disabilities, which are determined by medical tests. These include groups from S1 to S15, where S1 represents a higher level of disability. Swimmers in the group with more than S10 are typically those with more severe disabilities such as amputations or paralysis in their limbs. The sport of backstroke requires reciprocal movements of the arms and legs, but those with amputations or paralysis in one or both legs cannot rely on leg movements to propel them through the water. Instead, the legs become an additional burden, requiring the arms to work harder to pull the body forward. Therefore, flexibility requirements are more critical for individuals with disabilities to achieve optimal movement and compensate for lost or impaired abilities. The aim of the research was to examine the importance, direction, and extent of shoulder joint flexibility in performing the backstroke and its relationship to performance, as well as the impact of improving shoulder joint flexibility on enhancing the 100m backstroke time for swimmers with physical disabilities in category S9 of the Iraqi national team. Using an experimental approach and appropriate research methods, the researcher found that the completion time of the 100m backstroke was inversely related to the range of motion of the shoulder joint in external and internal rotations, as well as extension and abduction movements. Furthermore, the flexibility exercises applied had a clear positive effect on improving the performance of 100m backstroke for swimmers in the S9 disability category.

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74

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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