An Analytical Study on the Performance of the Video Assistant Referee (VAR) System in the Iraq Stars Football League

Authors

Mais Mahmoud Salman Al-Azzawi, University of Baghdad, College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences for WomenFollow
Raghda Hassan Ibrahim Al-Azzawi, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of MedicineFollow
Félix Arbinaga, University of Huelva, Faculty of Education, Psychology, and Sports Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental PsychologyFollow
Maryam Abdul Jabbar Khudhur, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of MedicineFollow

Abstract

The Video Assistant Referee (VAR) is a technology designed to review on-field decisions through video footage in order to correct clear and critical refereeing errors. It enables the replay of key moments in slow motion to determine the correct final decision, with communication between the video officials and the referee conducted via headset. The system operates under the principle of "minimal interference, maximum benefit," intervening only in essential situations. This study aimed to assess the current implementation of VAR in the Iraq Stars Football League during the 2023--2024 season. To achieve this objective, the researchers employed a descriptive survey method involving a sample of 220 participants, including referees, coaches, players, assessors, academics, administrators, and media professionals. Data were collected via a 32-item questionnaire distributed across three dimensions: VAR referee training, beneficiaries of the system, and related tools and equipment. Analysis using SPSS revealed that the VAR system's performance was rated as very good for its initial use in the league. The results support the feasibility of extending the experience to other divisions within Iraqi football. The researchers recommended conducting training camps and certification programs abroad, establishing partnerships with international football federations, allowing team coaches a single opportunity to request video review, and creating an official digital platform managed by the Iraqi Football Association to explain how VAR works and minimize misinterpretations among stakeholders. and this achieves one of the sustainable development goals of the United Nations in Iraq which is (Quality Education)

First Page

320

Last Page

328

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Recommended Citation

Al-Azzawi, Mais Mahmoud Salman; Al-Azzawi, Raghda Hassan Ibrahim; Arbinaga, Félix; and Khudhur, Maryam Abdul Jabbar (2025) "An Analytical Study on the Performance of the Video Assistant Referee (VAR) System in the Iraq Stars Football League," Modern Sport: Vol. 24: Iss. 3, Article 7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54702/2708-3454.2078