The effect of special exercises on some functional variables and cognitive abilities and their relationship to the level of performance of second-class referees in the game of football

Abstract

Knowing the effect of special exercises (physical, skill, cognitive) for football referees on the neurotransmitter (serotonin), blood sugar, and cognitive abilities is what this study concluded and aimed to prepare special exercises for physiological fitness, refereeing movements and positions, and to identify the level of serotonin and blood sugar concentrations. And the cognitive abilities and performance level of second-class football referees and the effect of exercises on them, while the research problem crystallized around the lack of uniformity between the referees’ decisions, the decline in physical and physiological fitness indicators, and failure in the practical and cognitive tests that qualify for refereeing in higher-level leagues, and in order to unify the decision among the refereeing staff and improve or develop Making the correct arbitration decision based on a harmonious and integrated functional system in leading football matches in the various circumstances to which the referees are exposed and the level of their performance, without limiting the course of training to the physical aspects only, but rather cognitively, physically, skillfully, physiologically, tactically and psychologically, and that the methodology for solving the research problem was through experimental research. The research sample represented second-class football referees in Kirkuk Governorate, and the special exercises varied between physical, skill, physiological fitness, cognitive, tactical and combined exercises between physical, skill, tactical and cognitive to direct the attention of the gentlemen responsible for arbitration to the importance of introducing the above physiological fitness exercises. This constitutes an addition to the concepts of football refereeing, and the most important conclusions were that an increase in the level of serotonin leads to the occurrence of central fatigue as a result of prolonged physiological physical effort, and that a decrease in blood sugar as a result of physical physiological effort is a natural indicator, and the researchers recommend developing scientific training curricula reinforced with attention to fitness. Physiological and the use of modern physiological devices.One of the sustainable development goals supported by the research is to maintain and enhance the health and physiological fitness of football referees, which is an essential aspect of the referee’s qualifications for managing and refereeing matches and achieving sustainable sports, economic and social development.